Técnica venográfica contrastada in vivo dos dígitos de ovinos e caprinos / Contrast venography technique in vivo of the digits of sheep and goat

Foram utilizados 10 membros torácicos e pélvicos de ovinos e caprinos hígidos, de raça e sexo variados, com idade entre dois e quatro anos e peso corpóreo médio de 53kg. A porção distal dos membros torácicos e pélvicos foi submetida à técnica venográfica contrastada e à contagem vascular venosa da mesma região, em ambas as espécies. Não foram observadas diferenças numéricas em relação às veias entre machos e fêmeas, nem entre os membros direito e esquerdo da mesma espécie. Os ovinos possuem maior número de veias em relação aos caprinos. A técnica venográfica distal anterógrada de ambos os membros em ovinos e caprinos se mostrou aplicável revelando a vasculatura distal e podal, a comunicação entre os vasos venosos e a quantidade dos vasos presentes na região.

Ten forelimbs and hindlimbs of healthy sheep and goats, of varied breeds and gender with ages ranging between two and four years and an average body weight of 53kg were used in the study. The forelimbs and hindlimbs underwent a contrasted venography of the distal region. No numerical differences were observed in relation to veins between males and females and between the left and right members of the same species. Sheep had more veins than goats. The antiretrograde venography technique of both limbs in sheep and goats was proved to be applicable, showing the vasculazation of the distal region of the foot, the communication between the vessels and the quantity of vessels.

[Study of the vascular system of bovine hind limb claw by means of corrosion casting method]

The importance of vessel structure has been shown in pathogenesis of the equine and bovine laminitis. Investigation on vessel structures is necessary to diagnose the mechanism of laminitis. Due to lack of literature on ovine digital arteries. Ovine digital vessels were studied using corrosion casting method. The hind limbs of 15 lambs of 3 months ages were separated from tarsus joint. After the dissection of dorsal metatarsal artery, normal saline and resin metacrylat were injected into the vessels. In this species, the dorsal common digital artery and common plantar digital artery have the main function in blood supply. One branch runs to the heel bulb and the other runs to the axial wall and sole. The third branch of these arteries is responsible to blood supply of periople tissue. The common dorsal digital artery and abaxial proper digital artery drain all venous blood from the claw. The dorsal proper digital artery arises from the numerous smaller veins which are joined to form the deep and superficial venous networks of coronary margin and wall. This vein delivers blood to the common dorsal digital artery. The axial proper plantar vein drained into the abaxial proper plantar vein. Two main vessels which arise from venous network of wall, sole and plantar surface of the bulb, drain into the abaxial proper plantar vein

Histologic alterations of the basement membrane of the dermal and epidermal layers of the hoof in horses with acute laminitis

Fueron estudiadas las características morfológicas de los cascos de dos grupos de equinos. El primer grupo, conformado por cinco animales adultos, sin ninguna alteración clínica, correspondió al grupo control. El siguiente grupo, constituido por siete equinos recibieron 17,6g/kg de carbohidratos por vía oral, para la inducción de laminitis. De este grupo, 71 por ciento desarrolló la sintomatología entre 36 y 48 horas después de la administración del carbohidrato. Pasadas 48 h de la inducción de laminitis, los animales fueron sacrificados y sus miembros fueron retirados para realizar los respectivos estudios histológicos. Se efectuaron cortes histológicos de 5 a 7µm de grosor y, posteriormente, se tiñeron con hematoxilina-eosina (HE) y ácido peryódico de Schiff (PAS) para ser sometidos a microscopía óptica. A través de la coloración de HE, fue posible determinar alteraciones en la arquitectura de las láminas epidérmicas primarias y secundarias, las cuales se presentaron delgadas y anchas, con los núcleos de las células basales de forma arredondada y, eventualmente, localizados en su polo basal. La coloración por el PAS, permitió observar la membrana basal y la matriz proteica, separando las láminas epidérmicas y dérmicas y definiendo la morfología de éstas. En los equinos del grupo con laminitis se observaron deformación y fragmentación de la membrana basal. La utilización del PAS permitió determinar las alteraciones degenerativas graves en la membrana basal, de presentación precoz y coincidiendo con el desarrollo de los signos clínicos de claudicación.